Intels International Strategic Management

Intels International Strategic Management Intel has reported a 12% boost in net profits to $2.01bn for the third quarter, contrasted with an income of $1.79bn in the year-ago quarter, on profits up 1% at $10.21bn. Operating profits rise 12% annual to $3.09bn, whereas weak EPS rise 17% to $0.35. (Des Laffey 2009, p14-18) The corporation also repurchased 93 million shares of common stock for $2.1bn throughout the period. It said mobility income rise 18% annual to $4.68bn, whereas digital venture profits fell 3% to $5.31bn, and profits from others chop down 64% to $218m. (Edward 2009, p352-60) Organically, Asia Pacific profits rise 3% to $5.38bn, whereas US profits cut down 9% to $1.88bn. Europe income increases 3% to $1.88bn, whereas Japan profits grown up 7% to $1.05bn. The sales incorporate an after-tax mutilation incriminate of $162m linked with its speculation in Numonyx, a flash-memory cooperative project with STMicroelectronics. (Sandeep and Arvind 2009, p404-14) Product selection, well-built cash flow, promise to positioning innovative technology and market impetus will allocate Intel to outpace peer corporations at a time when trade levels are hard to forecast. (Robert 2009, p134-43) Intels international business Strategy Intel Corporation (Intel) is a semiconductor chipmaker, offering sophisticated technology answers for the technology and communications corporations. (Daft 2003, p27-29) Intels products comprise of microprocessors, chipsets, motherboards, flash memory, and communications infrastructure parts (together with network and entrenched processors), wired and wireless connectivity goods, goods for networked storage space, appliance processors, and cellular baseband chipsets. (Lewandowski and Hà ¶chstà ¶tter 2008, p309-40) Intels consumers comprise original equipment manufacturers (OEMs) and original design manufacturers (ODMs), personal computer (PC) and network communications goods consumers, and further manufacturers. (Sandeep and Arvind 2009, p404-14) Its platforms comprise of principles and programs for example wireless fidelity (WiFi) and Worldwide Interoperability for Microwave Access (WiMAX), hardware and software that might comprise technologies for example Hyper-Threading Technology (HT Technology), Intel Virtualisation Technology and Intel Active Management Technology (Intel AMT), and other offering services. The corporation functions through three operating parts: digital enterprise, mobility and all other. (Robert 2009, p134-43) In the first segment of 2008, the corporation accomplished the divestiture of its flash memory assets to Numonyx. The Digital Enterprise Group (DEG) offers computing and communications stands for production and service providers. (Robert 2009, p134-43) The goods of this section are integrated into desktop personal computers, the infrastructure for the World Wide Web and project computing servers. DEGs goods comprise microprocessors, and associated chipsets and motherboards premeditated for the desktop (with customer desktop), in addition to enterprise computing market parts and communications systems parts, for example network processors and embedded microprocessors. (Lewandowski and Hà ¶chstà ¶tter 2008, p309-40) The corporation produces platform answers grounded on its microprocessors, chipsets and motherboard goods, which are designed for use in the desktop marketplace section. The other section comprises the digital home cluster, the digital health cluster and the control platforms cluster. (Sandeep and Arvind 2009, p404-14) The digital home cluster performs computing and communications platforms for customers at residence, including amusement applications and customer electronics appliances. Its products comprise microprocessors and chipsets for in house activity PCs, and entrenched consumer electronics designs, for example digital televisions, video recorders and set-top boxes. (Lewandowski and Hà ¶chstà ¶tter 2008, p309-40) The digital health cluster aims international trade prospects in healthcare study, diagnostics and output, and individual healthcare. It concentrates on healthcare information innovative and sophisticated technologies, private health products and bio-medical goods. The channel platforms cluster builds the corporations global existence in international industry. (Jarzabkowski 2004, p529-60) Additionally, it produces platform solutions intended to meet up home industry needs in certain geographies. The corporations business enterprise capital association, Intel Capital, makes equity reserves in technology start-ups and corporations globally. Intel Capital spends in a variety of corporations offering hardware, software and other product services, targeting venture, home, mobility, health, customer Internet and semiconductor production. (Dave 2007, p381-82) Basis of competitive advantages Intel is the global leading semiconductor chip producer, innovating incorporated digital technology platforms for the computing and communications market. (Vaara, Kleymann, and Seristo 2004, p1-36) The corporation has a strong industry place in all of the three sub sections of the microprocessor industry: desktop, mobile, and server. Important product names for Intel consist of: Core 2 Duo, Pentium D and Pentium 4 in desktops; Core 2 Duo, Core Duo and Pentium M in notebooks; and Xeon and Itanium in servers. In 2008, Intel had an industry share of 13.3% in the semiconductor industry, whereas Samsung Electors, the second leading seller, had an industry allocate of 8.7%. (Johnson, Scholes and Whittington 2008, p28-33) Intel has a leading product figure, which it has effectively recognised in spite of operating in a market where products are progressively more becoming commoditised. More prominently, the corporation has managed to magnetise the interest of customers through its Intel Inside product promotion. (Sutherland and Canwell 2004, p10) Business Weeks Interbrand Best Global Brands 2007 has positioned company at the seventh position, with a product worth of $30,954 million. Company has a strong industry position and product image, which augments its bargaining control and enhances shareholder buoyancy. (Johnson, Scholes and Whittington 2008, p28-33) Basis of competitive advantages in international market Traditionally, company has been a principal in introducing innovative technologies, in addition to revolutionary innovative manufacturing processes. Having the mainly superior manufacturing equipment offers noticeable benefits, with lesser cost and the aptitude to manufacture higher performance goods. (Lynch 2005, p18) Company plans to initiate an innovative microarchitecture roughly every two years and incline the next invention of silicon development technology in the superseding years, giving Intel a roadmap for incessant development in its key product lines. (Stacey 2007, p91) In 2008, company started manufacturing microprocessors supported on its 45nm Hi-k metal gate silicon expertise, and is predictable to initiate an innovative micro architecture on 45nm development machinery in 2008. (Edward 2009, p352-60) The corporation is also operational on the 32nm process technology, with strategy to manufacture the innovative technology in 2010. Well-built technological potentials have helped company hasten product growth. The corporations innovative product launches in 2007 incorporated Intel Core 2 Quad, Intel Core 2 Duo processors, Quad-core and dual-core Intel Xeon processors, and Intel Core 2 Duo mobile processors manufactured using 45nm technology. Intel also initiated storage server SSR212MC2 for SMEs operations, and company Ultra Mobile Platform 2007 for Mobile Internet Devices (MIDs) and ultra-mobile PCs, amongst others. (Edward 2009, p352-60) Intel system of manufacturing amenities, and congregation and experiment facilities, offers it a viable advantage over fables semiconductor corporations, for example Broadcom Corporation, NVIDIA, QUALCOMM, and VIA Technologies. This leading scientific competence enhances the corporations product portfolio. (Johnson, Scholes and Whittington 2008, p28-33) Value chain analysis With the beginning of the E-commerce inducement in 1998 company has came out as the industry giant in the design and production of semiconductors and microprocessors, earlier to execution of E-commerce orders were filled through phones, faxes and overnight parcel carriers. Nowadays this structure produces almost $1 billion sales per month (Des Laffey 2009, p14-18). In terms of value chain notion the company has had extraordinary benefits with the help of E-commerce. Let us examine companys e-commence approach in terms of Value Chain conception. Examining the Value Chain on Intel business both the support activities and the principal actions are conceded out with the help of E-commerce. According to Intels technology journal it shows that Intels E-commerce environment is flattering progressively more multifaceted. (Waters 2005, p15) This development is exponential is the pace of new application being set up and stirring application being upgraded (Des Laffey 2009, p14-18). E-commerce is a very vital and helpful business approach in todays world where workstation and internet are indispensable needs of existence. Intels main achievement or market control apart from the reality that it is the biggest microprocessor in the world is also due to the completion of E-commerce solutions. (Vaughan and Zhang 2007, p1c) Strategic Environment of Intel Corporation Every corporation around the world has to take strategic judgment to maintain in the industry as a business body in the long run. The company is also implementing the common strategic introduced by Porter in creating and supporting a superior performance in the industry. (Tanriverdi and Venkatraman 2005, p97-119) The company is using the Generic approaches to achieve competitive advantage over its opponents and in becoming the industry leader. (Steeve and Joanne 2009, p8-12) Cost Leadership The company is cutting expenditure in its supply chain. Building the correct manufactured goods in the right quantity is an exhausting task. Whats distorted is the companys capability to handle this intricacy. (Sandeep and Arvind 2009, p404-14) The company has re-engineered its supply chain from back-to-back- and when it comes to cutback cost on its supply chain, the companys numbers are uniformly inspiring. In 2004, Intel saved $1 billion of its costs by re-engineering its internal processes. It accumulates another $1 billion in 2005, and it is aiming $500 million more in 2006. (Des Laffey 2009, p14-18) Focus According to Porter the focus approach has two deviations. In the cost focus an organisation seeks a cost benefit in its objective section, while in differentiation focus an organisation seeks differentiation in its target segment (Des Laffey 2009, p14-18). The company seems to employ the differentiation focus variants of the focus approach. The company is still also paying attention on its core product the microprocessors. Without hesitation the company is implementing the Generic approach in its market, by cutting the cost in its supply chain to acquire cost control, by diversifying into diverse products for example health care, customer electronics etcà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦ and however focusing on its principal production of microprocessors. In terms of strategic management these are the strategies Intel should take to generate and maintain better performance in the industry in addition to in the market. (Des Laffey 2009, p14-18) Intels Five Rival Forces Strategy There is little opportunity that a new competitor would enter the microprocessors industry and pretence an intimidation to Intel Corporation. A new competitor would require to develop an appropriate microprocessor product, requiring considerable resources expenditures and many years of engineering effort, the expansion of high performance microprocessor equivalent to Intel would possible need no less than fours year (Dodge and Kitchin 2007, p431-45) There are no substitutes for microprocessor but customers have a choice of diverse brands processors. The company has its own suppliers which provide raw materials and the company produces the processors and other devices. In business the major strategy is to convince the buyer and Intel has up to now done a lot to convince its buyers get providing pioneering processors and other devices and however Intels competitors are doing the same. (Page 2007, p28-30) The five competitor forces are present for every corporation but the altitude of impact it has varies from corporation to corporation. The intensity of impact it has on company is quite low comparing to parallel corporations in the same industry. (Robert 2009, p134-43) SWOT analysis Every corporation has internal and external surrounding factors; these factors do affects the performance of a corporation. (Robert 2009, p134-43) Firms have to obtain major strategic decisions to trounce such aspects. To examine the internal environmental aspects affecting companys we us SWOT analysis. Strengths Intels famous Brand name Introduction of innovative products Strong Advertising campaigns Weaknesses Intels world ranking of most powerful brand has dropped 10 places in 2007 Decline of Share price. Opportunity Diversifying into Different products Threats Strong competitors such as AMD, IBM. Intels well-known Brand name is its core force, and there are several other strengths that it has which is technique Intel lead the global industry of microprocessors. Intels world ranking plunged in first quarter of 2007 by 10 places primarily due to strong rivalry by Intels archrival AMD. Intels has assorted opportunities, for instance the diversification into different products. (Robert 2009, p134-43) Corporation has strong threats from its opponent AMD, in order to reduce the intimidation Intel constantly has to be one step ahead of its opponent, and to do so this requires most important premeditated decisions to be made and managed. (Des Laffey 2009, p14-18) PEST analysis To investigate the External environmental aspects affecting Intel Corporation we us PEST analysis Political Lawsuits by the competitors Antitrust law in America Economical Intel sold its XScale processors business to Marvell Technologies Social Intels sponsorship of the science talent search. Technological RD for better performance microprocessors Intel Corporation was criticised by its rivals consequently; it had to face political dilemmas over a period of time. The company sold its XScale processors, on June 2006 the company agreed to put up for sale its communications and application processor units to Marvell Technology, a storage, communications and chip manufacturer, for $600 million (Dorothea 2009, p171-83). The shift was a strategic judgment intended to allow Intel to spotlight its recourses on its core processors and server market. The company also participates in social ascription of the society in 1998 Intel became the representative support of the Science Talent Search held every year in United States. (Sandeep and Arvind 2009, p404-14) This is to glance for new talents for the prospect of the corporation. Intel maintain to research and develop inventive products, RD is decidedly essential for Intel to endure in todays competitive industry, and foremost strategic judgment are concerned on how, when and what to innovate. (Sandeep and Arvind 2009, p404-14) Globalisation drivers in competitive industry Company has entered into various tactical alliances in latest years. In January 2007, Sun Microsystems and Intel formed a tactical coalition cantered on the Intel-authorised Solaris operating system. Sun faithful to bring a complete product of venture and telecommunications servers, and workstations, supported on Intel Xeon processors. (Robert 2009, p134-43) The range of this accord spans Solaris, Java and NetBeans software, and Intel Xeon microprocessors, in addition to added Intel and Sun enterprise-group products. STMicroelectronics, Intel and Francisco Partners signed an ultimate accord in May 2007 to generate an innovative self-sufficient semiconductor corporation from the important assets of their trade, which in 2006 produced roughly $3.6 billion in collective annual profits. (Sandeep and Arvind 2009, p404-14) Intel and Asustek Computer, the worlds leading manufacturer of PC motherboards, announced strategy in June 2007 to build a notebook computer that would cost as little as $200. In December 2007, Intel collaborated with Comstar to build up mobile WiMAX in Russia. (Lewandowski and Hà ¶chstà ¶tter 2008, p309-40) In May 2008, as well as its tactical venture in Clearwire, the new wireless corporation created through the blend of wireless broadband trade of Sprint Nextel and Clearwire Corp, the corporation also penetrated into a tactical accord with the corporation. According to the accord, Intel would employ with manufacturers to implant WiMAX chips into Intel Centrino 2 processor technology-based laptops and other Intel-based mobile internet products. These affiliations and agreements with other market competitors in linked industries facilitate the corporation to develop its products competence, and also develop its visibility and convenience. (Hopfer and MacEachren 2007, p921-34) Organisational structure capabilities for implementing recommended strategy The international semiconductors industry has shown encouraging and healthy escalation rates in current years, and this performance is set to persist. The international semiconductors industry made overall revenues of $243.3 billion in 2007, in lieu of a CAGR of 7.9% for the five-year phase spanning 2003-2007. (Sandeep and Arvind 2009, p404-14) The European and Asia Pacific industries grew with relevant CAGRs of 9.6% and 11.2% throughout the similar era, to attain values of $39.3 billion and $147.2 billion, correspondingly, in 2007. (Mark and Timber 2009, p240-48) The industry is estimate to develop at a CAGR of 9% for the five-year phase 2006-2011, which is predictable to constrain the industry to a worth of $370.5 billion by the end of 2012. The European and Asia Pacific industries will develop with relevant CAGRs of 5.6% and 10.9%, to attain respective values of $51.7 billion and $239.5 billion in 2011. (Edward 2009, p352-60) Making approximately 50% of its profits from Asia Pacific, Intel is well-positioned to faucet the predicted double digit increase rates in the area. As the number one company in the semiconductor market, the corporation is well placed to take advantage of this prospect. (Global Reach 2004, p1) Expanding PC market The international computer industry, including both laptop and desktop machines, is quickly growing. The industrys volume is predictable to increase to 260.8 million units by the end of 2011, instead of a CAGR of 7.2% for the phase 2006-2011. (Sandeep and Arvind 2009, p404-14) The performance of the industry is estimate to step up, with a predictable CAGR of 6.1% for the 2006-2011 phases, which is anticipated to constrain the industry to an assessment of $220.1 billion by the end of 2011. (Dorothea 2009, p171-83) The European and Asia Pacific industries are projected to grow up at a CAGR of 6.1% and 5.4%, correspondingly, over the similar stage, to reach relevant values of $83.5 billion and $53.5 billion in 2011. This increasing PC industry offers a prospect for Intel to expand its returns base. Future strategies The firm produced its Intel Atom processor in March 2008. Intel Atom is the latest product of low-power processors intended particularly for Mobile Internet Devices (MIDs) and a group of simple internet-centric computers. Atom is completely depending on an innovative microarchitecture produced to suit diminutive and mobile devices, where the foremost focal point is on low power spending. (Nicolas 2009, p819-25) The innovative processor is the Intels smallest processor, produced with the worlds smallest transistors. Additionally, company launched the Intel Centrino Atom processor in April 2008. These innovative processors facilitate the corporation to enter the mobile internet devices industry. Though, the firms Atom processor, with a power utilisation range of 0.6-2.5 watts, requires additional optimisation to shelter an important existence in the industry. (Sandeep and Arvind 2009, p404-14) By difference, ARM, a key player in the MID and embedded chipset industry, provides a superior optimised system, and chips in the power utilisation vary of 300mW for MID applications. Sustained optimisation of the Atom processors competence would facilitate the corporation to protect its viable advantage and place in the innovative markets. (Murphy 2005, p19) Conclusion Intel faces solid rivalry across a variety of semiconductor product markets in which it functions. Semiconductor manufactures struggle on the foundation of factors for example price, quality, product features, equipment and improvement, and extra features, for example energy competence. (OLeary, Sally and Perry 2004, p338-54) Intels desktop processors participate with products accessible by AMD, IBM and VIA. Intels architecture business competes with AMD. Its server processors battle with those of AMD, IBM, and Sun Microsystems, based on competitor architectures. The companys innovative MID device micro architecture rivals with that of the ARM structural design. (Sandeep and Arvind 2009, p404-14) The companys chipsets rival in a variety of market segments with ATI Technologies, Broadcom, NVIDIA and Silicon Integrated Systems Corporation (SIS). Intel also faces rivalry from firms offering competitor microprocessor structures, for example IBM, which supplies microprocessors to Apple. IBM is as well equally developing a competitor structural design with Sony and Toshiba. Strong rivalry in all its industry segments might corrode Intels industry share and shrink its profitability.

Micro-Environment Essay

1.0Background Information With the advent of gene technology, it is important to understand not only the phenotype of the organism but also the genotype. Previously, you should have learnt the analysis of genetic traits and the various ways where they can be transmitted from parents to children (by phenotype analysis). Each chromosome is divided into different sections called genes. Genes are the basis of inheritance where traits like hair colour and blood type are controlled by the production of proteins by these genes. Genes contain coded instructions that the body uses to assemble hundreds of different types of proteins that make an individual unique! These amazing trait controllers (genes) are made up of molecules called deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA). DNA is a double-helical polymer bound together by hydrogen bonds between complementary base pairing nucleotides (A to T, G to C). A particular gene is a set of coded instructions made up of a particular order of nucleotides. The variation of which allows the myriad of codes to exist in an organism for it to be unique. This is what controls the genotype of an organism and henceforth, the extraction and isolation of an organisms DNA is imperative, in order to allow further insight into the organism using different molecular-based methods. In this experiment, you will be taking a closer look at this DNA molecule. You will be extracting your own DNA using buccal/cheek cells as the starting material. 2.1Materials Saline 15 ml centrifuge tube Paper cup Drinking water Vortex Centrifuge 10% SDS Bromelain protease (50mg/mL) Ice cold isopropanol Graduated pipettes 2.2Methods IMPORTANT NOTE: Ensure that you have not eaten in the past 1 hour before conducting this experiment (if you are the DNA donor). Ensure that gloves are worn at all times in the experiment. 1. Swish you mouth with about 100 mL drinking water, for about 20 seconds, to remove any food particles. Discard this wash into the sink. 2. Using a permanent marker pen, label your group name onto the paper cup and 15 mL centrifuge tube containing 10mL saline. 3. Pour all the 10mL saline solution into your mouth and vigorously swish for 60s. Do not discard the centrifuge tube. 4. Expel the saline mouthwash into the labelled paper cup. 5. Carefully, pour the saline mouthwash from the paper cup, back into the 15 mL centrifuge tube from step 2. Tightly cap the tube. 6. Pass the capped tubes to the laboratory technician in order to be centrifuged (4500 rpm, 5 min). 7. Upon centrifuging, you should be able to see your buccal cell pellet (the whitish lower solid layer at the bottom of the tube). Gently, pour away the supernatant (the liquid upper layer). 8. Place the tube on ice. 9. Add 2 mL saline into the tube and vortex for 5-10 seconds. 10. Add 1 mL 10% (w/v) sodium dodecylsulphate (SDS) solution (active component in detergents). 11. Gently tap the tubes several times (~8 times) to gently mix the contents. You may invert the tube twice if needed. 12. On ice, add 2 – 3 drops of the lab supplied bromelain protease enzyme into the tube. 13. Gently tap the tubes several times (~8 times) to gently mix the contents. You may invert the tube twice if needed. 14. Cap the tube and place it is a 50oC for 10 minutes. 15. With a clean pipette, gently pipette in 10 mL ice cold isopropanol (95% v/v) slowly into the tube. Tip: Place the filled pipette with its tip against the inside wall of the test tube. Slowly allow the isopropanol to dribble down the inside of the tube. 16. Cap and place the tube in a test tube rack at room temperature for 10 minutes. DO NOT mix, shake, or bump the test tube during this period. 17. The isopropanol is lighter than the contents of the tube. When added according to the directions, the isopropanol will form a clear layer ABOVE the suspension. 18. Observe the test tube for 5 minutes. The DNA will gradually separate from the suspension and rise into the isopropanol layer. Describe the appearance of the DNA. 19. Take a photo as proof of your observation. 20. To remove the accumulated DNA from the tube, follow the directions for DNA spooling as below:- a. Gently insert the glass rod through the isopropanol layer into the clumped/accumulated DNA. b. Carefully, twirl the rod between your fingers, winding the DNA strands onto the rod. c. Slowly remove the rod. Describe the appearance of the spooled DNA. d. Take a photo as proof of your observation. 0. Questions 1. Which one of the following do you think will contain DNA? Explain your reasoning. Bananas; concrete; fossils; meat; metal; spinach; strawberries. 2. What effect would the SDS have on the cell membranes and cold ethanol on DNA? 3. What type of enzyme would be needed to separate the DNA into smaller pieces? 4. Is the DNA extracted pure enough for further applications (i.e. PCR)? 5. If you were to repeat the experiment with an equal number of red blood cells, the amount of DNA collected would either: increase / decrease / stay the same (choose one). Explain your answer. Adapted from:- Bres, M., Weisshaar, A., 2008. Thinking about Biology: An Introductory Laboratory Manual. 3rd Ed. Pearson Prentice Hall: New Jersey, USA. Pg. 333 – 338. Teaching AS Biology Practical Skills. University of Cambridge: International Examination. Pg. 74 – 78. 43 Practical 10 Digestion of Lambda (ÃŽ ») DNA with a Restriction Enzyme (EcoR I endonuclease) 1.0Background Information Restriction enzymes (nucleases) are enzymes that cleave the phosphodiester bonds on the sides of deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA). These nucleases recognize specific DNA sequences in the double-stranded DNA, which is usually a four to six base pair sequence of nucleotides, and digests the DNA at these sites, resulting in the DNA becoming fragmented into various lengths. Some restriction enzymes cut cleanly through the DNA double helix while some produce uneven or sticky ends. By using the same restriction enzyme to cut DNA from different organisms, the sticky ends produced will be complementary and the DNA from the two different sources can be recombined. In humans, no two individuals have the exact same restriction enzyme pattern in the DNA except for identical twins. Restriction enzymes are named based on a system of nomenclature where the first letters represents the genus name of the organism whereas the next two letters come from the species name. If there is a fourth letter, it stands for the strain of the organism. Finally, if there are Roman numerals, it represents whether that particular enzyme was the first or second etc. isolated in that category. FIGURE 10.1 Cartoon of how EcoR I recognises the restriction site and cleaves the DNA. The second technique used in this practical is the separation and analysis of DNA fragments. Agarose gels are commonly used for this where the  gels that have been prepared with a suitable nucleic acid stain in it, have wells for the samples of DNA to go into. The agarose gel is covered in a suitable buffer so that the DNA is in a neutral pH solution. That way, the DNA moves one direction because of its charge. Since the phosphate groups on the skeleton of DNA are negatively charged, the whole molecule takes on the negative charge. Hence, when the DNA is placed inside the gel and the electricity is turned on, the poles are drawing the DNA toward the positive side, where it will then move through the gel and separate according to the size of the fragments. This technique is called electrophoresis. Results are obtained with the help of UV light that is refracted by the nucleic acid stain that sticks onto the DNA fragments. In this experiment, you will be using the EcoR I restriction endonuclease to digest a known DNA called phage lambda (ÃŽ ») and analysing your sample using agarose gel electrophoresis. 2.1Materials Pre-laboratory work Computer/laptop LambdaDNA.docx (Word document file) Laboratory work Micropipette Sterile pipette tips Microcentrifuge tube (1.5 mL capacity) EcoR I (20 U/ µL) and buffer Distilled deionised sterilised water Agarose gel (prestained with EtBr) 1x TAE buffer Agarose gel electrophoresis set UV Transilluminator

On The Dawn Of October 16Th, 1962, Began A 13-Day Standoff

On the dawn of October 16th, 1962, began a 13-day standoff that would be formally known to the western world as the Cuban Missile Crisis. Growing tensions between the United States and the Union of Soviet Socialist Republics (USSR) resulted in the closest the world has ever been to all-out nuclear war. This essay will talk about the initial weaponization of nuclear power, the events that led up to the missile crisis, the thirteen days the missile crisis took place and the measures taken to stop nuclear war. On August 6th, 1945, the world got their first look at the sheer power and destruction atomic weapons were capable of. Los Alamos, New Mexico was the birthplace of the atomic bomb with Robert Oppenheimer as its father. The secretive†¦show more content†¦Ã¢â‚¬Å"The United States countered Soviet expansion and propaganda with a policy of containment, initially with the Truman Doctrine of aid to Greece and Turkey in 1947, the Marshall Plan (1948) for Europe’s economic reconstruction the airlift (1948-49) to the blockaded city of Berlin, and the creation of the North Atlantic Treaty Organization (NATO) in 1949† (Nogee, 2005) When things began to escalate, they escalated quickly, convinced the Soviet Union was the new worlds threat the United States deployed Jupiter Missiles to Italy in April 1960 within striking distance of Moscow. On May 1st, 1960, Francis Gary Powers is shot down by a Soviet ‘Surface To Air Missile’ (SAM) while flying high above Russia and captured by Soviet forces. Powers was working for the CIA flying a U2 spy plane. This incident will later be known as the U2 incident. Furthermore, this ended up resulting in the cancelation of a scheduled meeting between Eisenhower and Khrushchev that could have prevented the Cuban Missile Crisis. Powers was traded for two years later. After the U-2 incident the Bay Of Pigs Invasion begins on April 7th, 1961, when CIA backed rebels attempt to overthrow Fidel Castro and his government in Cuba. The invasion failed miserably and the United States is left looking like the enemy. The failed Pay Of Pigs Invasion resulted in a communist backed Cuba and provided the framework toShow MoreRelatedOn The Dawn Of October 16Th 1962 Began A 13 Day Standoff1196 Words   |  5 PagesOn the dawn of October 16th 1962 began a 13 day standoff that would be formally known to the western world as the Cuban Missile Crisis. Growing tensions between the United States and the Union of Soviet Socialist Republics (USSR) resulted in the closest the world has ever been to all-out nuclear war. This essay will talk about the initial weaponization of nuclear power, the events that led up to the missile crisis, the thirteen days the missile crisis took place and the measures taken to stop nuclear

The Price Of Poverty At Big Time College Sport - 1549 Words

Every year hundreds of college athletes get their named called to the next level of their sport. All we know is their name and what they bring to the table. We don’t know the struggles of being a college athlete and working day in and day out and not having a living or on the poverty line. The study, entitled The Price of Poverty in Big Time College Sport, shows that the average scholarship shortfall out-of-pocket expenses for each full scholarship athlete was approximately $3,222 per player during the 2010-11 school year. The report also found that the room and board provisions in a full scholarship leave 85% of players living on campus and 86% of players living off campus living below the federal poverty line. These athletes are treading water and can’t do anything about it, so what needs to happen is a group or board of directors need to come together and compensate some of the money received from all their sports and give these men and woman who perform every day an d grind to make the top and give them that light at the end of the tunnel According to a September 2011 study conducted by the National College Players Association (NCPA) and the Drexel University Department of Sports Management, the average football player is worth $120,000 per year to his university, while the average men’s basketball player is worth over $265,000 a year. To some people that is a lot of money for a college athlete but the study says many student-athletes are living below the povertyShow MoreRelatedEssay on The Name of the Game: Unpaid College Athletes1714 Words   |  7 Pagesany opportunity to support the people they idolize. There is no better example of this love than the recent scandal of Antoine Turner. Turner is a college student who has just signed with Boise State University’s football team. Turner lost one parent during childhood, and was estranged from the other. He lived in California with his uncle for some time, but certain state laws prevented him from living there any longer. Without a family to return to in his native New Orleans, Turner had no place toRead MoreShould College Athletes Be Paid?1088 Words   |  5 PagesShould College Athletes be Paid? Since 1906 When Theodore Roosevelt established the National Collegiate Athletic Association (NCAA) to infose and make rule for intercollegiate sports. The NCAA had made billions of dollars out of college athletic increasing popularity. This has fuelled debates whether college athletes should be compensated beyond their athletic scholarship and how and who would do it. While many people argue that college athletes are compensated enough with their scholarship andRead MoreStudent Athletes Should Be Paid1299 Words   |  6 PagesCollege sports these days are a huge money pit, NCAA makes millions of dollars off of student athletes every year. Should the NCAA start sharing the profits with these student athletes, which every year help grow the NCAA brand? It’s an important question that seems to come up every day on television, the internet, and even in the newspaper. Student athletes are going to college on scholarships which are sold to them by coaches, scouts, and other school administration as a commitment to the student’sRead MoreShould College Athletes Be Paid?1289 Words   |  6 PagesThroughout the years college sports have been about the love of the game, filled with adrenaline moments. However, the following question still remains: Should college athletes get paid to play sports in college? Seemingly, this debate has been end less, yet the questions have gone unanswered. The National Collegiate Athletics Association (NCAA) plays a vital role in this debate. The NCAA is a billion dollar industry, but yet sees that the athlete should get paid for their hard work and dedicationRead MoreShould College Athletes Be Paid?1497 Words   |  6 PagesOver the last few decades college athletics has gained immense popularity since the turn of the century. Many people even prefer collegiate sports to professional sports. Whether it is football or basketball, no matter the sport, college athletics bring large amounts of money to their respective Universities as well as increasing the popularity. Many Universities make millions of dollars off the games and the merchandise they sell. The only reason that the Universities make this kind of moneyRead MoreShould College Athletes Be Paid?1469 Words   |  6 PagesCollege sports these days are a huge money pit. The National Collegiate Athletic Association, or NCAA, mak es millions of dollars off of student athletes every year. Should the NCAA start sharing the profits with these student athletes, which every year help grow the NCAA brand? It’s an important question that seems to come up every day on television, the internet, and even in the newspaper. Student athletes are going to college on scholarships, which are sold to them by coaches, scouts, and otherRead MoreShould College Athletes Be Paid?1358 Words   |  6 PagesThroughout the years college sports have been about the love of the game, filled with adrenaline moments. However, the following question still remains: Should college athletes get paid to play sports in college? Seemingly, this debate has been endless, yet the questions have gone unanswered. The National Collegiate Athletics Association (NCAA) plays a vital role in this debate. The NCAA is a billion dollar industry, but yet sees that the athlete should get paid for their hard work and dedicationRead MorePaying College A thletes Essay656 Words   |  3 Pages Most of us have watched a college sporting event at one point or another in our life. Few people actually know and are aware of all the hard work, and dedication college athletes put towards their sport. However, they do not receive a compensation for their hard work. These Athletes are sometimes mistreated physically and mentally, yet the debate over whether or not to pay college athletes is a big debate. One reason college athletes should get paid is because they make millions of dollarsRead MoreShould College Athletes Be Paid?1206 Words   |  5 PagesCollege athletics have gained immense popularity among Americans over the past few decades. This has resulted into increased revenues for the(NCAA) and the participating colleges which has fuelled the debate of whether college athletes should be compensated beyond their athletic scholarships. College athletes should be paid because they spend more time doing that than anything else. It s kinda like having a full time job.Athletes form the basic unit of intercollegiate sports. Despite the successRead MoreEssay On College Athletes Should Be Paid888 Words   |  4 Pagessuperiorly achieving college athletes to a different moral standard where they showcase their highly profitable talents for free. College athletes such as Ben Simmons and Lonzo Ball, whose names alone bring in sell out crowds everywhere they go, are not paid, yet bring in insurmountable of profit to universities that not otherwise be possible. This begs the question: Do college athletes deserve to be paid for their time, skill, and profit they bring to the universities? College athletes should get